The consequences caused by traumatic brain injury are not only limited to neurological, psychological, and cognitive dysfunctions but may also frequently involve injury to the pituitary gland, resulting in hypofunctioning of one or more of the pituitary- target endocrine organs, despite its deep location in the brain. All ranges of brain trauma (mild, moderate or severe) may have the potential of causing abnormal function of the pituitary gland and injured patients should all be carefully monitored for a timely diagnosis and treatment whenever indicated. All the hormones secreted from the pituitary gland may be affected after the traumatic insult, including adrenocorticotropin, thyroid-stimulating hormone, growth hormone, and gonadotropins from the adenohypophysis, as well as anti-diuretic hormone from the neurohypophysis. A major hope of this review article is to raise interest in clinicians about knowing the pathophysiology, proper diagnosis and treatment of any pituitary insufficiency caused by traumatic brain injury. Clinicians are encouraged to keep high vigilance of this disorder due to the increasingly high incidence of traumatic brain injury encountered in this modern world of high population density and crowded surroundings, with a notable high risk of injury to the pituitary gland and the endocrine functions thus incurred.